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Disulfiram, a drug that has been used for alcohol dependence. As an approved drug in clinical medicine, disulfiram can be used as the anticancer drug in the treatment of breast cancer, prostate cancer, glioblastoma, lung cancer, etc. This paper summarized the mechanism of disulfiram for anticancer treatment and the function for liver cancer therapy, and we also analyzed the potential mechanism of disulfiram for the treatment of liver cancer and its’ value in the clinical application.
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Objective@#To investigate the effects of hydrogen on the lung damage of mice at early stage of severe burn.@*Methods@#One hundred and sixty ICR mice were divided into sham injury, hydrogen, pure burn, and burn+ hydrogen groups according to the random number table, with 40 mice in each group. Mice in pure burn group and burn+ hydrogen group were inflicted with 40% total body surface area full-thickness scald (hereafter referred to as burn) on the back, while mice in sham injury group and hydrogen group were sham injured. Mice in hydrogen group and burn+ hydrogen group inhaled 2% hydrogen for 1 h at post injury hour (PIH) 1 and 6, respectively, while mice in sham injury group and pure burn group inhaled air for 1 h. At PIH 24, lung tissue of six mice in each group was harvested, and then pathological changes of lung tissue were observed by HE staining and the lung tissue injury pathological score was calculated. Inferior vena cava blood and lung tissue of other eight mice in each group were obtained, and then content of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in serum and lung tissue was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in serum and lung tissue was detected by spectrophotometry. After arterial blood of other six mice in each group was collected for detection of arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2), the wet and dry weight of lung tissue were weighted to calculate lung wet to dry weight ratio. The survival rates of the other twenty mice in each group during post injury days 7 were calculated. Data were processed with one-way analysis of variance, LSD test and log-rank test.@*Results@#(1) At PIH 24, lung tissue of mice in sham injury group and hydrogen group showed no abnormality. Mice in pure burn group were with pulmonary interstitial edema, serious rupture of alveolar capillary wall, and infiltration of a large number of inflammatory cells. Mice in burn+ hydrogen group were with mild pulmonary interstitial edema, alveolar capillary congestion accompanied by slight rupture and bleeding, and the number of infiltration of inflammatory cells was smaller than that in pure burn group. The lung tissue injury pathological scores of mice in sham injury group, hydrogen group, pure burn group, and burn+ hydrogen group were (0.7±0.5), (0.8±0.5), (6.1±1.0), and (2.8±0.8) points, respectively. The lung tissue injury pathological score of mice in pure burn group was significantly higher than that in sham injury group (P<0.001). The lung tissue injury pathological score of mice in burn+ hydrogen group was significantly lower than that in pure burn group (P<0.001). (2) At PIH 24, the content of HMGB1 and IL-6 in serum and lung tissue of mice in hydrogen group was close to that in sham injury group (with P values above 0.05). The content of HMGB1 and IL-6 in serum and lung tissue of mice in pure burn group was significantly higher than that in sham injury group (with P values below 0.001). The content of HMGB1 and IL-6 in serum and lung tissue of mice in burn+ hydrogen group was significantly lower than that in pure burn group (with P values below 0.001). (3) At PIH 24, the activity of SOD in serum and lung tissue of mice in hydrogen group was close to that in sham injury group (with P values above 0.05). The activity of SOD in serum and lung tissue of mice in pure burn group was significantly lower than that in sham injury group (with P values below 0.001). The activity of SOD in serum and lung tissue of mice in burn+ hydrogen group was significantly higher than that in pure burn group (with P values below 0.001). (4) At PIH 24, there was no statistically significant difference in PaO2 among the mice in four groups (F=0.04, P>0.05). (5) At PIH 24, the ratios of lung wet to dry weight of mice in sham injury, hydrogen, pure burn, and burn+ hydrogen groups were 3.52±0.22, 3.61±0.24, 7.24±0.32, and 5.21±0.41, respectively. The ratio of lung wet to dry weight of mice in pure burn group was significantly higher than that in sham injury group (P<0.001). The ratio of lung wet to dry weight of mice in burn+ hydrogen group was significantly lower than that in pure burn group (P<0.001). (6) The survival rates of mice in sham injury group and hydrogen group during post injury days 7 were 100%. Compared with those in sham injury group, survival rates of mice in pure burn group from post injury days 3 to 7 were significantly decreased (with P values below 0.05). Compared with those in pure burn group, survival rates of mice in burn+ hydrogen group from post injury days 5 to 7 were significantly increased (with P values below 0.05).@*Conclusions@#Hydrogen can significantly alleviate the infiltration of inflammatory cells and improve the pathological lesions of lung tissue of mice with severe burn. It has the effects of reducing inflammatory reaction and inhibiting oxidative stress, further showing the protective effect on the lung of burn mice.
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Objective To discuss the efficacy and safety of covered Cheatham-Platinum stent (CCPS) implantation in treating coarctation of the aorta (CoA).Methods The clinical data of 11 patients with CoA who had received CCPS implantation were retrospectively analyzed.Results Successful implantation of single CCPS was accomplished in all 11 patients.After the implantation,the diameter of coarctation site was immediately dilated from preoperative (4.76+0.89) mm to postoperative (12.86+0.90) mm (t=24.86,P＜0.001),and the average systolic blood pressure difference across the coarctation was immediately reduced from preoperative (38.55+10.02) mmHg to postoperative (9.82+6.60) mmHg,the difference was statistically significant (t=10.8,P＜0.001).The patients were followed up for 3-79 months,with a mean of (31.91±27.58) months.The clinical symptoms were relieved in all patients and the activity tolerance was obviously improved.No complications such as endoleak,acute injury of aortic wall,re-coarctation or re-stenosis,vascular injury of puncture site,or death occurred in all patients.Conclusion For the treatment of CoA,implantation of CCPS has excellent short-term and mid-term effect,meanwhile,this technique can effectively avoid complications such as aortic wall iniurv.(J Intervent Radiol.2017.26:211-214)
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Objective To observe the effects of different levels of sodium arsenite ( NaAsO2) on mRNA expression of pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) and apoptosis-related factors in PC12 cells ( rat neuron properties pheochromocytoma). Methods PC12 cells were treated with different levels of NaAsO2 [0 (control group), 2, 5, 10 μmol/L] for 24 hours. The mRNA expression of PEDF and apoptosis-related factors (Bax, Bcl-2) were detected by real-time quantitative PCR. Results There were significant differences in the mRNA expressions of PEDF between the 4 groups (F=102.28, P 0.05); there were significant differences in the mRNA expressions of Bcl-2 between the 4 groups (F=19.87, P<0.05), the mRNA expressions of Bcl-2 in the group of 2, 5, 10 μmol/L (0.65 ± 0.03, 0.49 ± 0.04, 0.57 ± 0.09) were lower than that of control group (0.95 ± 0.11, all P<0.05);there were significant differences in the mRNA expressions of Bax/Bcl-2 between the 4 groups (F=8.352, P<0.05), the mRNA expressions of in the group of 5, 10μmol/L (1.80 ± 0.72, 1.82 ± 0.36) were higher than that of control group (1.02 ± 0.24, all P<0.05). Conclusion NaAsO2 may increase the expression of apoptosis-related factorsBax/Bcl-2 mRNA by decreasing the expression of PEDF mRNA in PC12 cells, leading to apoptosis in PC12 cells.
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Objective To compare the safety and feasibility of laparoscopic splenectomy and esophagogastric devascularization (LS + ED) versus open splenectomy and esophagogastric devascularization (OS + ED) in treating portal hypertension using Meta-analysis.Methods Controlled trials comparing LS + ED and OS + ED in treating portal hypertension were electronically searched from Wan Fang Data Knowledge Service Platform,Medalink,CNKI,PubMed,Elsevier,SpringerLink and CBM disc.The most recent search was conducted in April 2015.All the relevant data and references were retrieved and screened.RevMan 5.2 was used for data analysis.Results Eventually,7 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or high-quality case-controlled studies involving 468 patients were included into this study.Meta-analysis showed LS reduced blood loss [WMD =214.67,95％ CI 198.74-230.60,P ＜ 0.01],shortened flatus time [WMD =17.72,95％ CI 12.39-23.04,P ＜ 0.01] and postoperative hospital stay [WMD =3.75,95％ CI 3.28-4.23,P ＜ 0.01],while the duration of surgery was shorter in OS (P ＞ 0.05).However,OS was comparable with LS in complication rates.Conclusions Comparing with OS,LS had the advantages of reducing intraoperative blood loss and shortening recovery time after operation.In patients with cirrhosis,portal hypertension and esophageal varices,laparoscopic splenectomy was safe and effective.
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Collection and quality control of inpatient medical record home page information are key to the study and use of DRGs.The paper covered the sampling methods, inspection items, inspection methods, data assembly methods, and data reporting quality scoring methods of Beijing authorities on the hospitals in the city.Also introduced were the inspection results of the city in 2014, which prove a satisfactory outcome in the end.
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Objective To provide a reference for local best practice information sheet by way of analyzing the status quo of adult peripheral venous catheters nursing and maintenance.Methods Systematically analyzing the related 487 documents met the inclusion criteria in CBMdisc,CNKI Database and WanFang Database from the year of 1990 to 2013 by biliometric analysis methods.Results The number of documents,rising year after year,stood mainly in nursing journals,of which the majority authors are from Guangdong [10.3％(50/487)],Anhui [9.0％(44/487)] and Hubei [7.6％(37/487)].50.3％ (245/487)of the documents did not refer in particular to the object.The three major research concerns are the prevention and treatment of complications[80.9％(394/487)],cannulation [23.6％(115/487)] and maintenance [19.9％ (97/487)].Conclusions Peripheral venous catheter cannulation and maintenance has gained widespread attention among the domestic clinical staffs,but the overall quality of articles concerning these aspects is not high.High-quality research papers are expected to provide better evidence for local best practice information sheet.
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Objective To compare the clinical effectiveness between puncture drainage and surgery in the treatment of pyogenic liver abscess.Methods Clinical date of 81 patients with pyogenic liver abscess were retrospectively analyzed.Patients were divided into the ultrasound-guided puncture drainage group (48 patients) and open surgical drainage group (33 patients).The demographic data,laboratory examination,efficient rate,complication rate,mortality,time for body temperature returned to normal and hospital stays were compared between the two groups.Results Klebsiella pneumoniae was positive in 45.45％ cases by blood culture,and in 62.50％ cases by pus culture.There was no statistically significant difference in the effective rate and mortality (x2 =0.91,2.05,P ＞ 0.05).For patients with puncture drainage hospital stay was (14 ± 5) days,significantly shorter than (17 ± 5) days in surgery group (t =-3.20,P ＜ 0.05).Time to normal temperature was (5.1 ± 1.6) days in puncture drainage group,which was shorter than (6.0 ± 1.1) days in open surgery group (t =-2.85,P ＜ 0.05).Postoperative complications were fewer in the puncture drainage group (6 cases) than open surgery group (10 cases) (x2=3.91,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Ultrasound-guided puncture drainage for liver abscess is safe,feasible,effective of low complication rate for the treatment of pyogenic liver abscess.
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Objective To evaluate laparoscopic radical resection of liver hydatid cyst as compared with conventional open surgery.Methods From May 2006 to January 2013 clinical data of 41 patients undergoing laparoscopic radical resection of hepatic hydatid cyst were compared with those 112 cases treated by open surgery.Operation time,blood loss,conversion rate,length of hospitalization and recurrence rate were compared and analyzed.Results There was not statistical significant difference in operative time and blood loss between the two groups (t =1.97,P ＞ 0.05) (t =2.00,P ＞ 0.05).Five laparoscopic patients were converted to open surgery,conversion rate was 12.2 ％ (5/41),three due to inadequate exposure,and two for intraoperative bleeding.Postoperative hospital stay was significantly shorter in laparoscopic group than that in conventional group.The overall morbidity was 4.9％ (2/41) in laparoscopic and 16.0％ (18/112) in conventional group with statistical significance(x2 =3.92,P ＜ 0.05).Recurrence rate and mortality was 0 in both groups.Conclusions Laparoscopic radical resection of hydatid cyst is safe and effective in carefully selected patients and provides short hospital stay,good cosmetic result,fast recovery and fewer complications.
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ObjectiveTo study the characteristics in negative energy balance in different-aged patients with metabolic syndrome (MS) and come out with nursing countermeasures.Methods Twenty-four hour dietary data reviewing and the international physical activity questionnaire were used to investigate energy intake and consumption among 384 MS patients.The fat content,fat percentage and lean body mass were measured by the human body composition analyzer.Body mass index (BMI),waist/height,fat percentage,lean body mass,energy intake and energy consumption were compared between different ages and sexes.Results In the group aged over 51 years,the waist/height of female MS patients was significantly smaller than their male counterparts (P<0.05).For all groups of different ages,the percentage of fat in the female patients was significantly larger,their lean body mass was less(P<0.01), their intake of energy was significantly lower than that of the males (P<0.05).The intake of energy among the male patients at the group aged 21~30was significantly larger than the males of other age groups and so it was with the energy intake of the males aged 21-70 years as compared to the males aged 71~80 years (P<0.05).Conclusion Education on disease knowledge should be strengthened among healthy people so as to realize the negative energy balance based on the rate of waist/height,body composition,energy intake and energy consumption,which is of great significance for the prevention and control of metabolic syndromes.
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BACKGROUND:Hepatic vascular exclusion is important for liver transplantation that can reduce blood loss and make for liver recovery. A variety of favorable hepatic vascular exclusion techniques occur in the development of liver surgery technology, which is stil a research hot in surgical study. OBJECTIVE:To introduce the latest research and the hot spot of hepatic vascular exclusion techniques. METHODS:A computer-based online search of PubMed and Wanfang databases for articles relevant to Pringle maneuve, total hepatic vascular exclusion, selective hepatic vascular exclusion and sectional vascular exclusion under hepatectomy published from January 1999 to January 2014. Totaly 50 articles were included in result analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:There are a variety of hepatic vascular exclusion technologies, and intermittent hepatic vascular occlusion and semihepatic vascular exclusion are used most commonly. The applicable principles are as folows: (1) Surgery without vascular exclusion is suitable for < 5 cm lesions at the liver edge. (2) Semi-hepatic vascular exclusion is fit for semi-hepatic lesions, especialy for patients accompanied by liver cirrhosis. Hepatic vascular exclusion with preservation of semi-hepatic artery and liver hanging maneuver are also reported to have a certain value in clinical practice stil need further studies. (3) Intermittent hepatic vascular exclusion is suitable for lesions over half a liver or spanning liver halves (huge lesions). (4) Total hepatic vascular exclusion and its modified technologies are suitable for lesions involving the inferior vena cava and (or) hepatic vein, or lesions closely related to the second and third porta hepatis. (5) Segmental hepatic vascular exclusion is considered for smaler lesions confined to the liver segment under alowed conditions, but semi-hepatic vascular exclusion and Pringle maneuver can be also considered. Depending on patient’s conditions, to select the appropriate method is the key to reduce bleeding and to ensure patient safety.
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Objective To investigate the clinical value of the massive transfusion protocols (MTP) in abdominal surgical patients with traumatic shock.Methods An analysis was made on the clinical data of patients before and after the use of MTP,including the general condition,amount of blood transfusion,transfusion components and ratio,blood and coagulation function test,and blood transfusion related complications and mortality.Results Before implement of MTP,the average RBC transfusion in the first 24 hours was 19.5U,FFBwas 12.6U,and the ratio ofRBC ∶ FFB was 1.55 ∶ 1.After implement of MTP,the average RBC transfusion in the first 24 hours was 17.3 U,and the ratio of RBC:FFB was 1 ∶ 1.There were no significant statistical differences between the two groups about PT,APTT,Hb and PLT on admission.After 24 hours of admission,there was no significant difference in Hb between the two groups,there were significant differences of PT,APTT and PLT.Blood transfusion related complications were 11 (14.9％) in control group and 7 (11.9％) in MTP,group,and the mortality was 9.46％ and 6.78％ respectively.Conclusions MTP improves blood coagulation function,reduces blood transfusion and enhances survival rate of abdominal surgical patients with traumatic shock.
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Objective To determine the contents of fluoride and tea polyphenols in brick-tea and to understand the utilization ratio of qualified brick-tea in fluorosis regions in Inner Mongolia.Methods The investigation was carried out in Chenbaerhuqi Country and Eweukeqi Country.Seventy-two households of four villages in Chenbaerhuqi and 11 households of three villages in Ewenkeqi were selected as study subjects.The brick-tea in each household was sampled.The contents of fluoride and tea polyphenols were determined by using fluoride selective electrode method and Forint-Ciocalteu oxidation method,respectively.T test and linear correlation were used to analyze the data.Results The fluoride content in qualified brick tea ranged from 114.82 mg/kg to 290.23 mg/kg with an average value of 171.78 mg/kg,while tea polyphenols content was between 56.15 g/kg and 132.18 g/kg with an average value of 95.44 g/kg.In unqualified brick-tea,the average fluoride content was 459.86 mg/kg with the range from 304.71 mg/kg to 660.76 mg/kg and the average of tea polyphenols was 67.48 g/kg with the range from 36.03 g/kg to 102.15 g/kg.The content of tea polyphenols of qualified brick tea was significantly higher than that of unqualified brick tea (P ＜ 0.05).The content of tea polyphenols was negatively correlated with fluoride content(r =-0.636,P ＜ 0.05).The content of tea polyphenols was 396 times more than that of fluoride in brick tea.The utilization ratio of qualified brick-tea in the investigation areas was 53.0％(44/83).Conclusion The fluoride content in qualified brick-tea was less than unqualified brick-tea,and the tea polyphenols of qualified brick-tea was higher than the unqualified brick-tea.The utilization rate of qualified brick tea is not high and further actions are needed to be taken to supply more qualified brick-tea for controlling of drinking brick-tea type fluorosis.
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OBJECTIVE@#To observe the levels of nitrogen oxide (NO), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) and to discuss their roles in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease in patients with OSAHS.@*METHOD@#NO, VEGF and HIF-1alpha levels were measured in 60 OSAHS patients and 26 healthy subjects; OSAHS patients were divided into mild, moderate and severe groups according to AHI.@*RESULT@#NO levels in the moderate and severe OSAHS groups were significantly lower than that in the control group, but the levels of VEGF and HIF-la were increased compared with the control group (P 0.05); NO levels showed negative correlations with VEGF levels (P < 0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#The serum level of NO was reduced in response to the acceleration of hypoxia, while the level of VEGF was increased with the hypoxia. The results indicate that the levels of both NO and VEGF are associated with the severity of the disease. Decreasing NO levels and increasing VEGF are both the factors leading to endothelial dysfunction, which play an important role in the physiopathological process of the cardiovascular diseases in OSAHS patients.
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Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Case-Control Studies , Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit , Blood , Nitric Oxide , Blood , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive , Blood , Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A , BloodABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To study the correlation between the serum levels of nitrogen oxide (NO) and oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS).@*METHOD@#NO and oxLDL levels were measured in 60 OSAHS patients and 26 healthy subjects. OSAHS patients were divided into mild, moderate and severe groups according to AHI.@*RESULT@#NO levels in the moderate and sever OSAHS groups was significantly lower than that in the control group, but the levels of oxLDL was increased compared with the control group. (P < 0.05). The serum levels of NO was negatively correlated with AHI (P < 0.01) and positively correlated with the lowest SaO2 (P < 0.01), the serum levels of oxLDL was positively correlated with AHI (P < 0.01) and negatively correlated with the lowest SaO2 (P < 0.01), NO levels showed negative correlations with oxLDL levels (P < 0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#The serum level of NO is reduced in response to the increase of AHI and the acceleration of hypoxia, which indicated that there is a correlation between vascular endothelial dysfunction and the severity of hypoxia. The decrease of the level of NO and the increase of the oxLDL can promote the formation of atherosclerosis, which increased the incidence of cardiocerebrovascular disease in patients with OSAHS.
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Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Case-Control Studies , Lipoproteins, LDL , Blood , Nitric Oxide , Blood , Serum , Chemistry , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive , BloodABSTRACT
Objectiye To investigate the value of liver transplantation for the treatment of end-stage hepatic alveolar echinococcosis(HAE).Methods The clinical data of 8 patients with end-stage HAE who received liver transplantation at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from December 2000 to August 2010 were retrospectively analyzed.The operation time,anhepatic phase,infusion of suspension of red blood cells and postoperative complications were observed.Results The median operation time,anhepatic phase and infusion of suspension of red blood cells were 635 minutes(range,490-760 minutes),66 minutes(range,44-240 minutes)and 20 U(range,4-40 U).Liver transplantation was successfully carried out on 7 patients except for 1 patient who received emergent liver transplantation died of severe hepatic encephalopathy,renal failure and coagulation disorder on postoperative day 1.The median follow-up time was 6 months(range,3-29 months).One patient died of septicopyemia in postoperative month 3,1 died of incurable infection of bile duct in postoperative month 5,and 1 died of acute rejection in postoperative month 6.One patient was complicated with stricture of the bile duct anastomosis,and was cured by choledochojejunostomy.The size of the metastatic lesion in the left lung of 1 patient was reduced.One patient who underwent liver autotransplantation had no signs of residual liver disease with good liver function.Conclusion End-stage HAE is an indication for liver transplantation.A minimum dose of immunosuppressive agent and systemic administration of anti-HAE drugs are necessary to prevent the recurrence of HAE and ensure a long-term survival.Liver autotransplantation is the optimal method for the treatment of end-stage HAE,because no immunosuppressive agent is needed after operation.
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Ex-vivo liver resection and liver autotransplantation offers a chance to cure extensive regional liver diseases which are otherwise deemed untreatable in selected cases. A 33-year-old male patient with advanced alveolar echinococcosis (AE) which invaded the right lobes and adjacent retrohepatic inferior vena cava, while the left lobes were free from lesion and had proliferated to over 1200 ml in size except for a 1 cm × 1 cm solid lesion in the segment Ⅳ. No extrahepatic metastases were found in this patient. A lesion with a size of 4300 ml and other small lesions in the right lobes were removed extracorporeally,and the retrohepatic vena cava was repaired, then the remaining AE-free left lobes (more than 700 ml in size) and the retrohepatic inferior vena cava were re-implanted in situ. A temporary end-to-end cavo-caval shunt with interposition of a blood vessel prosthesis and end-to-side portocaval shunt were established to keep the blood flow during the four-hour anhepatic phase. The patient was followed up for six months, and he had no signs of residual liver disease with good hepatic function.
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Objective To explore the influencing factors of recurrence and metastasis of gastric cancer after radical operation.Methods The recurrence and metastasis status of 50 patients with gastric cancer underwent the radical gastrectomy were retrospectively analyzed.Logistic multiple regression was used for univariate regression analysis or multivariate regression analysis.Results The average time of recurrence was 18.4 months in 50 cases with gastric cancer after radical operation; The rate of recurrence was 14 cases (28.0%)、12 cases (24.0% )、15 cases (30.0% )、6 cases (12.0% )、3 cases (6.0% ) within six months ,0.5-1 year、1～2 years、2～3 years >more than 3 years respectively; The early recurrence in 41 cases (82.0% ) were significantly higher than the late recurrence of 9 cases (18.0%) (X2 = 6.45,P <0.01) ;The univariate regression analysis indicated that original tumor site.,tumor size,TNM stage、 degree of differentiation,Bomnann classification were influencing factors of recurrence and metastasis (P <0.01); Logistic regression multivariate analysis showed tumor size、pathological TNM staging and adjuvant chemotherapy in gastric cancer were the independent influencing factors (P<0.01).Conclusion Most recurrences would happen within 2 years after radical resection for gastric carcinoma;The tumor size、 tunior pathological stages and adjuvant chemotherapy extent were independent correlation factors of locally recurrent gastric carcinoma.
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From PubMed and CNKI medical litera-ture, To review and commentate laparoscopic surgery in trentment of hepatic hydatid disease. Since 1991, Laparo-scopic Hepatectomy is located basic period, but all kinds of laparoscopic surgery in treating hepatic hydatid cysts begin to develop completely in treating hepatic hydatid cysts. L-PAIR ( Laparoscopic puncture-aspiration-injection-reaspira-tion)had laid the foundation of course of events, Laparoscopic cholecystectomy stand out more advantages compared with open opreation. Nowdays,Laparoscopic pericystectomy is be-lieved best way in trentment of hepatic hydatid disease be-cause of Minimally invasion and radical surgery, reveals the most satisfactory effectiveness and wide foreground. Laparo-scopic Hepatectomy is exploratory works because of higher
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Objective To establish the plaque assay for the titration of GFP-labeled recombinant human metapneumovims(rhMPV). Methods Vero-E6 cells were selected as host cells for titration. GFP-labeled hMPV was serially diluted and added to each well to infect the cells. The plates were covered with low melting agarose overlay and incubated for different days in incubator. The plates were then observed under fluorescence microscope for plaques with green flourecence, at the same time, the number of plaques was counted by blue plaque-forming. Results Under the low melting agarose overlay, Vero-E6 cells grew well until the CPE caused by hMPV was seen. Clear green flourescence could be observed the first day post infection, much clearer on the third day post infection but showed somewhat fusion between plaques later on.Blue plaques on the fifth day after infection were large and easy to observe. The recombinant GFP-labeled hMPV could replicate up to 1 × 106 PFU in the Vero-E6 cells. Conclusion Plaque assay for titration of recombinant GFP-rhMPV has been sucessfully established. This methodology will offer a solid base for further studies on pathogenesis and vaccine development of this virus.